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Cordyceps -Explore the amazing Mushroom

What if I tell you that there is a mushroom which has numerous medicinal properties and provides us with energy, endurance, immunity and many other functional benefits? Of course, there will be a question in your mind about the name of this mushroom, so let me take you on an exciting journey about this magical mushroom where we will discover everything about it. So, without making any more delay let’s begin our journey of a healthy life by revealing the name of this fantastic mushroom which is Cordyceps. Cordyceps is a fungus which is a one stop solution to many common diseases. Although there are more than 600 species of this mushroom, two of them (C.sinensis and militaris) have gained major attraction and popularity in traditional Asian medical practice. Among them, the wild variety Cordyceps sinensis, stands out among the medicinal cordyceps. It is a fascinating type of fungus and shows a unique life cycle and has a long history of being used as TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE (TCM) and in ASIA. Cordyceps are found in Himalayan regions in India, and have also been reported in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand in India and known with many names like “KEERA GHAS”, “HIMALAYAN VIAGRA” and “HIMALAYAN GOLD”. This fungus grows with the help of caterpillars, and due to its unique lifecycle Cordyceps sinensis can’t be commercially cultivated and therefore harvested from the wild. Cordyceps sinensis mushroom is very rare and expensive as it involves a lot of hard work by the people of all age groups 15 to 65, to collect them from extreme heights in summer season. In fact, it is even more expensive than gold. Because of its high cost it becomes unapproachable for the market and meet the huge demand. On the other hand, Cordyceps militaris, which is successfully cultivated commercially in the laboratory, in an artificial environment is a cheaper alternative for the same. The most valuable, medicinally important compounds like Cordycepin, Adenosine and Beta-glucans besides other beneficial compounds are present in both the species and therefore have been mentioned in ancient healing textbooks. C.militaris can be cultivated artificially on vegetarian substrate with all important biomolecules even sometimes higher, compared to C.sinensis (also known as caterpillar fungus) being very expensive due to its wild collection. Due to this reason, militaris makes it best candidate to be consumed as medicinal mushroom and nowadays it’s an important topic of interest for researchers and scientists. Isn’t it very cool if we can explore the potential of this natural medicinal wonder herb and replace the synthetic ones… USES AND EFFECTIVENESS OF CORDYCEPS MUSHROOM Many studies confirm the positive impacts of cordyceps mushroom in human health when taken as a supplement on a regular basis. Benefits of cordyceps: Click here to purchase cordyeps mushroom. Cordyceps has numerous roles in human health, but the most recognized benefits of this mushroom are increased energy and endurance. That’s why it is sometimes preferred as athlete mushroom or energy mushroom. This mushroom also surprisingly has immense potential to reduce over two-thirds of cancer related deaths because of the high amount of antioxidants they have. It has to be noted that, there is not enough data about the safety of cordyceps use for pregnant and lactating women besides the autoimmune diseases, therefore more deep studies are awaited for the usage by them. If you want to know how this fascinating mushroom grows and how it contributes to our nutrition and health? Then keep an eye on our upcoming exciting blogs. Written by : Ms. Pragati Nayak (Pursuing M.Sc. Biotechnology) Student Trainee BETi Edited by: Dr. Pooja Dubey Pandey (M.Sc. Ph.D. Biotechnology) Founder BETi Innovative Pvt. Ltd. REFERENCES: Kanitta Jiraungkoorskul and Wannee Jiraungkoorskul Review of Naturopathy of Medical Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps Sinensis, in Sexual Dysfunction – PMC (nih.gov)Pharmacogn Rev. 2016 Hardeep S. Tuli,1 Sardul S. Sandhu,2 and A. K. Sharma1 Pharmacological and therapeutic potential of Cordyceps with special reference to Cordycepin – PMC (nih.gov)3 Biotech. 2014. Bao-qin Lin and Shao-ping Li Cordyceps as an Herbal Drug – Herbal Medicine – NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)Benzie IFF, Wachtel-Galor S, editors. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor & Francis; 2011.

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The Ultimate guide to Mushroom Powder

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“It’s not about perfect. It’s about effort. And when you bring that every single day, that’s where transformation happens”.- Jillian Michaels Mushroom powder is one of the most interesting and useful ingredients in the world of food and health. This simple but very powerful ingredient has taken the food and health worlds by storm, offering a unique mix of tastes, nutrients, and healing properties. Whether you’re an experienced chef, a health-conscious person, or just interested in the wonders of nature, this ultimate guide to mushroom powder will help you find the magic in these interesting fungi. The concentrated version of these fungi, known as mushroom powder, has a wide range of applications and health advantages. With its rich umami flavor profile, mushroom powder instantly improves foods by adding a pinch of oyster or shiitake powder, from soups to sauces, delivering a depth of taste that tantalizes the palate. Aside from being good for cooking, mushroom powders are a great trove of nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as beta-glucans, which boost the immune system, and polyphenols, which are rich in antioxidants. These substances promote a number of potential health advantages, including boosting cognitive function, supporting cardiovascular health, and fortifying the immune system. Mushroom powders have also been linked to disease prevention because they can calm inflammation and keep different body systems in balance. By adding mushroom powder to your daily diet, you’re improving your food, taking a natural step toward general health, and possibly preventing disease. Let’s look into the fascinating potential of mushroom powder. Oyster mushroom powder, which comes from the flexible and slightly nutty oyster mushrooms, opens up a world of culinary creativity. It goes well with a wide range of foods because it has a mild but distinct taste. When oyster mushroom powder is added to sauces and gravies, it gives them a light umami flavor that makes the food taste richer overall. Its delicate texture guarantees that it blends seamlessly into soups and broths, adding complexity, at BETi we have developed a tasty ready to use masala BETi Som-Mor from our own mushroom powder and moringa with the aromatic flavour added by Indian spices. When used as a rub for meat, oyster mushroom powder shines. It has a mild earthiness that goes well with chicken, pork, and even fish. This powder can add a delicious savory note to plant-based stir-fries or burgers. Its mild taste can also be used to add a surprising twist to baked goods such as bread and pastries. While Shiitake mushroom powder is also a delicious and potentially healthy food made from strong and savory shiitake mushrooms. Adding a rich umami flavor to soups and stews makes them more flavorful and gives them a rich mushroom taste. It gives sauces and marinades a pleasing complexity when used as a seasoning. Its versatility shines through in Asian-inspired recipes, like stir-fries and noodle dishes, where it makes the flavors taste more real. When making meat recipes, oyster or shiitake mushroom powder gives marinades an earthy flavor that turns plain cuts into tasty treats. In plant-based cooking, it can be added to mushroom gravies or lentil recipes to improve the way they taste. Both oyster mushroom powder and shiitake mushroom powder have their own unique benefits. The abundance of antioxidants in oyster mushroom powder, particularly ergothioneine, aids in the maintenance of healthy cells and protects them from oxidative stress-related damage. It is a great choice for building and repairing muscles because it is high in protein and has a lot of important amino acids. Also, oyster mushroom powder has beta-glucans, which have been linked to immune system modulation and a balanced immune response. On the other hand, shiitake mushroom powder is full of compounds like lentinan, which may help the immune system work better and reduce inflammation. Shiitake powder is high in B vitamins, which help the body make energy, keep the skin healthy, and keep the nerves working well. It also has substances that promise to lower cholesterol and improve heart health. Regular use of both oyster mushroom powder and shiitake mushroom powder can help with a holistic view of health that includes immunity, cellular health, and energy. Pleurotus or Oyster Oyster mushroom powder has surprising benefits for skin, hair and immunity. It can be used in face-masks with rose water for topical application or can be included in diet as nutricosmetics (inner beauty). It is not new, instead has been used with traditional herbs due to their bioactive compounds, now- days many unknown mushrooms are unexplored for potential ingredients. The trip into the world of mushroom powder has led to the discovery of an amazing treasure trove of tastes, nutrients, and health benefits. From its humble beginnings in traditional medicine and cooking to its modern form as a convenient and flexible ingredient, mushroom powder has shown itself to be a true culinary and nutritional gem. The flexibility of mushroom powder knows no bounds, as it seamlessly blends into a variety of recipes, boosting flavors and enriching culinary experiences. It is impossible to ignore the potential health advantages of mushroom powder beyond its culinary uses. As mushroom powder is a great example of how well nature’s gifts and human creativity can work together, whether we’re trying to satisfy our taste buds, improve our health, or try something new in the kitchen. So, let your cooking creativity be innovative, and may the wonders of BETi mushroom powder continue to make your food richer, one tasty and healthy dish at a time. It should be an important ingredient in your kitchen shelf just like other spices, as it is super easy to add and set the flavour of any recipe. Keep an eye on an upcoming exciting blog in this section on the recipes using BETi Mushroom powder in day to day life and helping preventing and controlling several common diseases. Written by- Ms. Paridhi Soni, Pursuing Applied Microbiology,Student Intern; Team BETi Edited by- Dr. Pooja Dubey Pandey, M.Sc. Ph.D. Biotechnology, Founder CEO, BETi Innovative Pvt.

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The Rising Star of Nutrition Market

When you’re vegan, you spend your time chasing protein, and you’re eating food that’s way too high in carbs. I could never catch up on protein.Rick Rubin We are aware of animal and plant-based nutrition sources in our food, but apart from this, there is also one more important nutrition source which is a complete food in itself, and many of us have either heard of it or are aware of its significance. Are you excited as well to discover this amazing superfood that is going to meet the increasing demand for quality protein with the increasing population and decreasing water and land resources? It has been predicted that by 2050, the global population will be surpassed 9 billion, implying a rise in food consumption. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), agricultural production will have to expand by 70% to fulfill demand. Subsequently, global protein demand will rise, and in the absence of alternative sources, environmental resources will be under intense pressure. As a result, an alternative protein source, such as edible mushrooms, that can provide high-quality protein at a low cost, faster, and with little to no negative environmental impact, would be much preferred. Of the 35 billion kg of edible mushrooms that were grown in 2013, 87% were produced in China, the majority of which were consumed there. The most popular edible fungus in the Western world, the button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus and related), is only fourth in terms of mushroom cultivation. Lentinula (shiitake and related species), Pleurotus (oyster mushrooms), and Auricularia (wood ear mushrooms) make up the top three. The human body needs protein as a macronutrient in order to grow and maintain itself. The current recommended daily intake (RDA) for protein is 0.8 g of protein per kilogram of body weight per day for adults, 1.5 g of protein per kilogram per day for children, and 1.0 g of protein per kilogram per day for adolescents. However, high protein diets (defined as an intake above the current RDA) are promoted intensively by the nutritional supplements industry and they are considered to be “the gold standard” by many athletes (especially bodybuilders) for muscle development and/or body fat loss. On the other hand, several scientists claim that the overuse of protein supplements or high dietary protein intake could cause disorders in human health. Thousands of people take supplements hoping for health benefits from weight loss to muscle building, without knowing the adverse effects on health. A diet that is high in protein generates a large amount of acid in body fluids. The kidneys respond to this dietary acid challenge with net acid excretion and, concurrently, the skeleton supplies buffer by active resorption of bone resulting in excessive calcium loss. Low fluid intake and excessive intake of protein are risk factors for kidney stones. Protein ingestion increases renal acid excretion, and acid loads, in turn, may be buffered in part by bone, which releases calcium to be excreted by the kidney. Despite the fact that a short-term high-protein diet could be necessary for several pathological conditions (malnutrition, sarcopenia, etc.), it is evident that “too much of a good thing” in a diet could be useless or even harmful for healthy individuals. This can be replaced with mushrooms, which have a high protein content, a balanced vitamin and mineral profile, and a high fiber content. Additionally, mushrooms have a modest calorie content (27–30 kcal/100g) and fat content (1.3–8% of dry weight). Mushroom proteins have lately gained acceptance in the food industry in view of their high nutritional value and complete essential amino acids. Mushroom proteins often offer a full necessary amino acid profile, meeting nutritional requirements while having some financial advantages when compared to animal and plant sources. It has been considered an ingredient of gourmet cuisine across the globe; especially for its unique flavor. It is regarded as a functional food for the prevention of multiple human diseases since it supplements the human diet with a variety of bioactive molecules that have either not been identified or are insufficient in foods from plant and animal sources. A cardio workout increases blood flow and acts as a filter system. It brings nutrients like oxygen, protein, and iron to the muscles that you’ve been training and helps them recover faster.Harley Pasternak There is a broad range of edible mushrooms which remain poorly identified or even unreported which is a valuable tool as sources of bioactive compounds for bio-pharma and new dietary supplements. Those who avoid consuming animal products and may lack vitamin B12 are responsible for maintaining the myelin surrounding nerve cells, red blood cell formation, and the breaking down of fatty and amino acids to produce energy. The majority of mushroom species normally have minimal levels of vitamin B12, while plant sources do not have any at all. Shiitake mushrooms, however, have the highest concentration of vitamin B12 at 5.6 mg/100g dry weight. Shiitake mushrooms are superior to sources from both plants and animals since they have a wide range of health advantages. Shiitake mushrooms are a plant-based food that is low in fat and cholesterol, making them a heart-healthy choice. They supply critical minerals including potassium, phosphorus, and selenium as well as beneficial elements like fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Additionally, lentinan, a special bioactive molecule found in shiitake mushrooms, may help the immune system. As a good source of protein, oyster mushrooms are appropriate for vegetarians and vegans who want to improve their protein consumption. They are necessary for digestive health because of their high fiber content. It is crucial for heart health, immune system, bone health, and antioxidant defense systems because of its vitamin and mineral richness. Ergothioneine is a substance that occurs naturally in a number of mushrooms, including shiitake, oyster, and white button mushrooms. Due to the possible health benefits in the body’s capacity to battle harmful free radicals, which can lower oxidative stress and inflammation, this antioxidant has attracted attention. Studies suggest that ergothioneine may enhance immune function, protect cells from damage, and enhance

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Unlocking the Beauty Secrets: The Skincare Benefits of Mushrooms

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Natural ingredients are gradually becoming more well-known in the field of skin care as a result of the various benefits they offer. Mushrooms are one of them that has recently attracted awareness. Since true beauty comes from the inside out, our diet is very important in nourishing our skin. Regular consumption of mushrooms may have a number of benefits for your skin, even though we normally consider them to be food. Oyster mushrooms being a nutritional dynamo are packed with vital minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants. They are great sources of B vitamins like pantothenic acid, riboflavin, and niacin, which are essential for keeping good skin. These vitamins support skin cell renewal, control sebum production, and enhance the overall texture as well as the appearance of the skin. Psoriasis, acne, and eczema are just a few of the skin problems that can all be traced back to inflammation as the primary factor in their development. Including oyster mushrooms in your diet can help you battle inflammation because of their natural anti-inflammatory effects. Beta-glucans and polysaccharides found in some species of oysters, shiitake, and maitake mushrooms, have been demonstrated to reduce skin inflammation and soothe sensitive skin. Mushrooms contain antioxidants that can provide strong protection against environmental degradation and oxidative stress, two primary causes of premature aging. Shiitake mushrooms are highly valued for their capacity to reduce the look of acne scars and photodamage, their skin healing characteristics increase skin suppleness, promote quicker skin renewal, and strengthen skin barriers. A naturally occurring amino acid and potent antioxidant, ergothioneine is present in several fungi, such as oyster mushrooms. It has been linked to protecting the skin from harmful UV radiation which is known to harm skin and raise the chance of developing skin cancer and lowering the signs of aging, like fine lines and wrinkles. Ergothioneine’s antioxidant qualities may help to support the skin’s natural barrier function. Skin health depends on a robust and undamaged skin barrier because it aids in retaining moisture, preventing water loss, and providing protection from external irritants. Antioxidants can encourage a more uniform skin tone and assist in minimizing the appearance of dark patches or hyperpigmentation. You may strengthen your skin’s defenses and encourage a youthful, beautiful complexion by incorporating oyster mushrooms into your diet. The essential protein collagen is responsible for maintaining the firmness and elasticity of the skin. As you get older, the production of collagen is going to decrease and wrinkles and saggy skin will occur. Luckily, mushrooms contain copper which is an essential mineral that contributes to the formation of collagen. By frequently eating mushrooms, you may encourage collagen production and firmer, younger-looking skin. Maintaining healthy skin requires proper moisture. Glucosamine, a substance also present in certain skincare products, is a component of oyster mushrooms. According to certain theories, glucosamine may have anti-aging properties and encourage skin hydration. Even white button mushrooms in particular are high in water content, making them a hydrating addition to your diet. Adequate hydration helps to plump the skin, diminishing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and fostering a luminous, supple complexion. Mushrooms are a useful tool in the search for healthy and bright skin, from the depths of the forest to our beauty regimens. They provide a wide range of characteristics that support healthier, more vibrant skin, from nourishing and moisturizing the skin to their anti-aging effects. Their diverse nutrient profile, which includes vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and polysaccharides, improves the skin’s health in many ways, including by promoting collagen formation, hydration, and resistance to environmental toxins. The mushrooms also help to soothe and calm inflammation, which makes them good for sensitive or irritated skin. We can discover nature’s secret treasures and enjoy the regenerating effects on our skin by including mushrooms in our meals. Discover the beauty secrets held by mushrooms and use their power to reveal a more radiant and vibrant complexion. So, the next time you’re making meal plans, think about including BETi Mushrooms to reap their internal skin-nourishing benefits and unlock their potential for skin care. Edited by- Dr.Pooja Dubey Pandey (M.Sc. Ph.D. Biotechnology) Founder Director, BETi Innovative Pvt. Ltd.

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Explore the World of Mushrooms: A Quick Guide

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“The greatest treasures are those invisible to the eye but found by the heart”-Judy Garland Mushrooms are a staple ingredient in many kitchens and can be found in a variety of dishes. From soups and stews, to pizzas and salads, mushrooms are a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of ways. Whether you are a food enthusiast or just appreciate the nutritional benefits of mushrooms, joining the mushroom craze is a great way to add flavor and valuable nutrients to your daily menu. In this blog, we will explore the different varieties of mushrooms and how you can incorporate them into your daily life to enjoy their wonderful benefits. Mushrooms are a unique type of fungi that grow on various substrates. They are diverse in terms of size, colour, shape, and taste. There are over 10,000 varieties of mushrooms in the world, with some being edible and others being dangerous. Here are some of the most popular varieties of mushrooms: White Button Mushroom One of the most commonly consumed mushrooms in the world is the white button mushroom. These mushrooms have a mild flavour and a spongy texture that pairs well with a wide range of dishes. They are also a good source of Vitamin D and Vitamin B. White button mushrooms, also known as Agaricus Bisporus, are the most commonly consumed mushroom in the world and are widely available in grocery stores and restaurants. They are native to Europe and North America and have a mild flavour and a firm texture. CHARACTERISTICS White button mushrooms have a round, firm cap with a smooth surface and a slightly curved stem. The cap is usually white and can range in size from small (about ¾ inches) to large (over 3 inches). It has a mild taste with a slightly earthy undertone. They can be eaten raw or cooked, and are often used as a base for sauces, soups, and stews. White button mushrooms are a good source of fiber, protein, and various vitamins and minerals such as Vitamin B6, Vitamin D, copper, and potassium. They are versatile in the kitchen and can be used in a variety of dishes, such as omelets, stir-fries, salads, and pasta dishes. They are also commonly used as a topping for pizzas and burgers. Oyster Mushroom Named for their distinctive shape, oyster mushrooms are popular in many Asian dishes. Oyster mushrooms are a popular type of specialty edible mushroom world-wide that are enjoyed for their delicate flavor and unique texture CHARACTERISTICS Oyster mushrooms have a mild, nutty flavor and a delicate texture that is both chewy and tender. They are generally white to light brown in color, with a flat, oyster-like cap that ranges from 5 to 25 centimeters in length. Oyster mushrooms are a good source of protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. They contain high levels of potassium, iron, zinc, vitamins B1, B2, and B3, and are low in calories and fat. Oyster mushrooms prefer to grow in a warm, humid environment, and are often cultivated on a substrate of sawdust or straw, therefore in India cultivation and demand is increasing. They can also grow naturally on dead or decaying wood. These mushrooms are a versatile ingredient in many dishes, including stir-fries, soups, stews, and risottos. They can also be grilled or sautéed and used as a meat substitute in vegetarian and vegan dishes. Shitake Mushroom Shiitake mushrooms are native to East Asia and are known for their robust, earthy flavor. They are often used in Asian cuisine and are known to have immune-boosting properties. CHARACTERISTICS Shiitake mushrooms have a thin, umbrella-shaped cap that ranges in color from light to dark brown. The cap can grow up to 10 cm in diameter and can have a rough, dry texture. They have a rich, savory flavour that is often described as meaty or earthy. They are commonly used in Asian cuisine, particularly in soups, stir-frys, and sauces. Shiitake mushrooms are low in calories and high in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. They are a good source of vitamin D, which is important for bone health and immune function. Shiitake mushrooms are grown on logs or sawdust, and require a specific growing environment and conditions. They are one of the most commercially cultivated mushrooms in the world. Chanterelle Chanterelle is the common name of several species of fungi in the genera Cantharellus, Craterellus, Gomphus, and Polyozellus. Chanterelle mushrooms are a rare and exotic variety that are prized for their nutty, fruity flavor. They are often used in high-end restaurants and cost a premium price. CHARACTERISTICS Chanterelles typically have a vibrant golden to orange color, although some species may also be pale yellow or white. They have a funnel-shaped cap with a wavy or undulating margin and a smooth or slightly wrinkled surface. The cap is often shallowly or deeply lobed, giving it a unique and intricate appearance. They contain high levels of copper, vitamins D, and vitamin B. Chanterelle mushrooms can vary in size, with caps ranging from a few centimeters to over 20 centimeters (8 inches) in diameter. The overall size depends on the species and the growth conditions. Their flavor is delicate, nutty, and slightly peppery. Cooking enhances their taste, bringing out their unique earthy and savory notes. They can be found in various forest ecosystems, including deciduous and coniferous forests, as well as mixed woodlands. Portobello: Portobello mushrooms are a popular type of mushroom that offer various health benefits and a unique flavor profile. They are large, meaty mushrooms that are often used as a vegetarian substitute for meat. CHARACTERISTICS Portobello mushrooms are large mushrooms that can measure up to six inches in diameter. They have a brownish-colored cap and a stem that is usually about two inches long. They have a meaty texture and a savory flavor that is described as umami. They are often used as a vegetarian meat substitute in recipes. Portobello mushrooms are low in calories and fat, high in fiber, and contain important nutrients like vitamins

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Oyster Mushroom: A Nutritional Powerhouse for Optimal Health to avoid Medicines

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Well said in Ayurveda, “When diet is wrong, medicine is of no use. When diet is correct, medicine is of no need.” In today’s health-conscious era, many individuals are seeking nutrient-rich foods to optimize their well-being. In the pursuit of maximum health, it is essential to select foods that provide both nourishment and flavor. Oyster mushrooms, scientifically known as Pleurotus and Dhingri in hindi, are not only delicious but also valuable to one’s well-being. These distinct mushrooms have increased in popularity in recent years due to their remarkable nutritional profile, making them a nutritional powerhouse for supporting optimal health. These are often overlooked in favour of more traditional sources of nutrition, but they have a number of amazing properties that make them a standout option. Oyster has many coloured species and these Pleurotus spp. are high in critical nutrients, including protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, making them a well-rounded food option. These nutrients are essential for energy metabolism, neuronal function, immunological support, and antioxidant defence. Packed with essential nutrients and unique health benefits, oyster mushrooms offer a valuable alternative to traditional protein sources like milk, eggs, meat, etc. There is a need to develop the knowledge of oyster mushrooms so that we can move forward for our own well-being. Oyster mushrooms are high in vitamins including niacin (B3), riboflavin (B2), folate (B9), and pantothenic acid (B5), all of which are necessary for energy production, brain function, and skin health. These mushrooms are one of the few plant-based vitamin D sources. The conversion of ergosterol, a substance present in oyster mushrooms, into vitamin D is stimulated by exposure to sunlight or UV light. Vitamin D is essential for bone health, immunological function, and mood modulation. They contain minerals such as potassium, phosphorus, and zinc, which are essential for a variety of body activities. Potassium promotes heart health, phosphorus promotes bone health, copper assists iron absorption, and selenium functions as an antioxidant, preventing cell damage. They are an incredible source of fiber which is essential for a healthy digestive system, blood sugar regulation, and promoting a feeling of fullness. Consuming fiber-rich foods such as oyster mushrooms can aid with weight management and prevent constipation. On the other hand, dietary fiber is typically insignificantly low in milk, eggs, and meat. Oyster mushrooms have been recognized for their potential immune-boosting properties. They include beta-glucans, a type of soluble fiber related to improved immunological function. Beta-glucans increase the activity of immune cells, including macrophages and natural killer cells, which aid in the body’s defense against infections and illnesses. These mushrooms are high in antioxidants, which help fight oxidative stress and lower the risk of chronic diseases. They are an excellent source of ergothioneine (sometimes used as medicine), a unique antioxidant with neuroprotective characteristics. This is an amino acid only produced by bacteria and fungi so we need external source for its supply. It’s level decreases with age. Oyster mushroom supplies the highest amount of ergothioneine as per a Japanese study in 2013. They are naturally low in cholesterol and fat, making them an ideal choice for anyone attempting to reduce their consumption of saturated fat and cholesterol. For people who are lactose intolerant or live a dairy-free lifestyle, oyster mushrooms offer a lactose-free option. While milk is a wonderful source of calcium and upto vitamin D, oyster mushrooms are also high in these minerals. In addition, unlike dairy milk, they do not contain cholesterol. They can also be used as a plant-based protein alternative for eggs. They have a comparable protein level but are lower in calories and fat. Additionally, oyster mushrooms lack the cholesterol present in egg yolks instead lovastatin present in oyster mushroom helps control cholesterol. These mushrooms have a meaty texture and umami flavor, making them a tasty meat replacement, particularly red meat, which can be high in cholesterol and saturated fat and has been linked to a variety of health problems when ingested in excess. While meat is a good source of protein and minerals like iron and zinc, oyster mushrooms can provide equivalent levels of these nutrients while being lower in saturated fat and cholesterol. That’s why oyster mushroom is known as “Delight of Diabetics” with many published field studies of diabetes control. Oyster mushrooms are a wonderful complement to any diet due to their exceptional nutritional profile, versatility in cooking, and health-promoting properties. Whether you are a vegetarian, vegan, or simply looking to diversify your food sources, oyster mushrooms provide a number of benefits that make them deserving of a prominent role in your diet. Making informed dietary choices and selecting nutrient-rich options like oyster mushrooms can assist us in prioritizing food as a source of nourishment and wellness over relying entirely on medicine.Furthermore, growing oyster mushrooms have extra benefits. Agriwaste used as substrate or growing medium, very less water requirement, capacity to grow without soil, and cost-effectiveness make them an appealing option for environmentally responsible and economic super-food production. We can contribute to a more environmentally friendly and resilient food system by adopting oyster mushroom cultivation. The best part is that Oyster mushrooms can be dehydrated and powdered which becomes even more high in nutrition and can be added to any food or drink of your choice.So, why not give BETi oyster mushrooms a try and uncover their potential for maximum health and well-being? For more such information keep on reading the BETi Blogs. Written by- Ms. Paridhi Soni Pursuing M.Sc. Applied Microbiology Student Intern, Team BETi Edited by- Dr. Pooja Dubey Pandey M.Sc., Ph.D. Biotechnology , Founder Director , BETi Innovative Pvt. Ltd. References Lesa, K. N., Khandaker, M. U., Mohammad Rashed Iqbal, F., Sharma, R., Islam, F., Mitra, S., & Emran, T. Bin. (2022). Nutritional Value, Medicinal Importance, and Health-Promoting Effects of Dietary Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Journal of Food Quality, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2454180 Yin, Z., Liang, Z., Li, C., Wang, J., Ma, C., & Kang, W. (2021). Immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides from edible fungus: A review. Food Science and Human Wellness, 10(4), 393-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2021.04.001 Podkowa, A.,

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Grow your own food : GIY

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“It is health that is the real wealth and not pieces of gold and silver . “ Mahatma Gandhi Due to change in lifestyle, people are suffering from many diseases. Diseases like diabetes, cancer, blood pressure, high cholesterol, malnutrition etc. have become common. Millions of people in the world are suffering with these diseases and the same number of people are at risk of getting these diseases. In such situation, it is necessary that people should pay attention to their eating habits. Today you will find chemicals and preservatives in every food item, using harmful pesticides and fertilizers to grow fruits and vegetables is very common. We don’t know, how much we are consuming either in the form of medicine or harmful preservatives and pesticides which enter our plates on daily basis. How long will we continue to live like this, someday we have to change, won’t we? We agree that, organic foods and vegetables are expensive and not everyone can afford it, but mushroom is a food which is affordable if selected right variety, especially when you come to know the nutritional importance of this super food. Till date, many of us have not explored the world of mushrooms, there are so many varieties which are cheaper and are sometimes equal or more in nutritional value than the one available at high prices in market. Even a common man can buy it or grow it himself with the available grow bags in market which will be completely organic and grown in front of his eyes for example varieties of BETi Oyster Mushrooms. Besides this, it is very exciting for all of us especially kids to see the beautiful mushrooms growing, feeling closer to nature.Just like DIY, now-a –days word GIY is trending which means “Grow it yourself” more specifically to grow your own organic food at home, school, office etc. On this concept to grow your organic mushrooms at home and maintain your health and immunity here is a Grow Bag by BETi GYM (Grow Your Mushrooms) AT Home.Mushrooms are popular valuable foods because they are low in calories, carbohydrates, fat, sodium and also, cholesterol-free. Besides, mushrooms provide nutrients, including selenium, potassium, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin D, protein and fiber. It has reported for their healing capacities and properties in traditional medicine. Mushrooms contain a high amount of protein content with an average value of 23.80-30g/100g dry weight. Mushroom proteins have high branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) content, which is mostly found only in animal-based protein sources.Recent findings suggest that; high meat consumption is associated with increased saturated fat intake and lower dietary fiber intake. As a result, meat consumption is correlated with obesity, heart disease, metabolic syndrome, and gastrointestinal cancers. Although animal protein, is usually considered to be superior to plant protein for building muscle mass. On the other hand, healthcare professionals have encouraged the replacement of animal protein, particularly red meat, with plant protein to help in decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The health benefits seem to favor plant-based protein sources; however, further research is needed to examine the effects of protein from plant- and animal-based diets on muscle mass and protein synthesis. For more such information keep on reading the BETi blogs. Written by-Ms. Pooja Gupta(Pursuing M.Sc.. Microbiology)Student cum Intern, Team BETi Edited by – Dr. Pooja Dubey Pandey(M.Sc.Ph.D. Biotechnology)Founder Director, BETi Innovative Pvt. Ltd. Reference:Francis Ayimbila, and Suttipun Keawsompong (2023); Nutritional Quality and Biological Application of Mushroom Protein as a Novel Protein Alternative. Matthew W Ewy et al. Curr Nutr Rep. (2022);Plant-Based Diet: Is It as Good as an Animal-Based Diet When It Comes to Protein? Meng Thiam Lim, Bernice Jiaqi Pan, Darel Wee Kiat Toh, Clarinda Nataria Sutanto, and Jung Eun Kim(2021); Animal Protein versus Plant Protein in Supporting Lean Mass and Muscle Strength: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

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Mushrooms – The Unsung Super Heroes- Serving this Planet Selflessly

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Fungi are older than plants on earth. The researchers have found that green algae and major lineages of fungi were present 1000 (Ma) million years ago and land plants appeared by 700 Ma possibly affecting Earth’s atmosphere, climate and evolution of animals. The Earth cools when you take away carbon dioxide and the biggest cooling effect came from the reduction of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by fungi and plants. Mushrooms are fungi which may be edible, medicinal or toxic (poisonous) but in every form it is playing a hidden vital role for our mother earth and us. More than 14,000 mushroom species have been identiﬁed, about 10% of which are macro-fungi. Edible mushrooms are macro-fungi that can be seen with the naked eye in the form of fleshy fruit bodies. Fungi are master decomposers that keep our forests alive. Without fungi to aid in decomposition, all life in the forest would soon be buried under a mountain of dead plant matter. According to Cardiff University biosciences professor Lynne Boddy. “Fungi are the garbage disposal agents of the natural world. They break down dead, organic matter and by doing that they release nutrients and those nutrients are then made available for plants to carry on growing.” Mushrooms cannot synthesize their food like plants but are saprophytic in nature i.e. they feed on dead organic matter which could also be the agriculture waste or crop residue which is unmanageable by our farmers. The mycelium (the vast root systems of mushrooms), goes deep into soil and absorb carbon dioxide from nature which keeps climate-warming carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere (some fungi can store 70 percent more carbon in the soil!) and can break some of the stored carbon into carbohydrates, which then act as nutrients for the soil. For maintaining healthy and sustainable environment; it is time to give attention to our primitive organism fungi which helped in creating the living conditions on earth millions of years ago. Mushrooms are the “ultimate recyclers” as they convert waste from other sectors of agriculture into medium used to grow mushrooms. Thus, mushrooms playing a very import role as Unsung Superheroes, serving this planet selflessly besides providing a healthy food and future. By- Dr. Pooja D. Pandey (Ph.D. Biotechnology) References Heckman D S, Geiser D M, Eidell B R, Stauffer, N L Kardos. Molecular evidence for the early colonization of land by fungi and plants. Science 2001;293(5532):1129-33. Hassan El-Ramady 1,2,* , Abdalla N , Badgar K , Llanaj X, Töro˝s G, Hajdú P, Eid Y . Edible Mushrooms for Sustainable and Healthy Human Food: Nutritional and Medicinal Attributes. Sustainability 2022, 14, 4941

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Milky Mushroom-Indian Summer variety Benefits and Cultivation

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Calocybe indica is the scientific name of Milky Mushroom. It is one of the best edible mushrooms which can be grown at high temperature or summer season either for commercial purpose or for home consumption. It replaces the non-vegetarian food. This edible mushroom has a longer shelf life (5~7 days) than other mushroom varieties like button and oyster etc. It is the first Indian variety (as name suggests indica) of mushroom to be commercialized. Nutrition- It is an excellent source of high quality protein 32.2% protein (dry weight basis) in a medium sized milky mushroom and vitamins (especially Vitamin B) and Vitamin D if sun exposed. Its high fiber content (61.1% on dry weight basis) makes it excellent for stomach related ailments. Total carbohydrates reported is 59.9% and very less crude fat 0.67% . It has nutraceutical properties and extracts of milky mushroom has shown to control diabetes in rats. Milky white mushroom also has lower moisture content (85.6%) and increased fiber content (61.1% on dry weight basis) Growing-It is comparatively easy and less expensive to grow milky mushroom than button mushroom production in tropical regions as limited infrastructure is required (cooling and heating). In most of the states it is cultivated from March to October in India. Milky Mushroom cultivation is very famous in southern parts of India. Milky mushroom can be grown on paddy straw (parali), wheat straw and other agriwaste as substrate (growing material), by simply pasteurising (selectively killing competitive fungi) throgh boiling and adding Mushroom Spawn (seeds of mushroom) with approximately 60% moisture. Maintain the bags in cool and dark place for 15 days , the desired temperature 25 to 28 degree for the mycelium (fungal white threads) is required to spread over the straw. Once this is done open the bag from top and spread a thick layer of sterilized casing layer, cover it maintain the moisture and keep in dark cool place again for 10 days or a week. After this period over, keep the bag in open cool place with enough light and fresh air, within 10 days you will be happy to see you hard work resulting in beautiful white nutritious mushroom fruiting.. BETi provides best quality of Mushroom seeds generally as per the season or on demand. To grow milky mushrooms at home you can order the mushroom seeds here https://biotechera.com/product-category/mushroom-spawn/ or you can whatsapp at 8839575166 / 8839819024 to confirm the fresh varieties available or for the commercial growing enquire for training batches or book from website https://biotechera.com Article by: Dr. Pooja D. Pandey (M.Sc., Ph.D. Biotechnology)

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Mushroom – A Soilless Modern Farming

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Due to the changing climate, ever-increasing population, decreasing soil yield and water scarcity, there is a need for new means of farming, new technology and growing crops considered as super foods. Mushrooms have been used throughout the world for thousands of years, both as food and medicine. Mushroom is becoming very popular as a delicious food in our country too. It is a rich source of nutrition and covers a major part of healthy foods. The amount of fat in mushrooms is absolutely low, due to which it is a good diet for heart and diabetic patients. Along with this, it is rich in protein, mineral salts and vitamins, as well as 9 types of amino acids are found useful for mankind. Vitamin D is also found in mushrooms, which is helpful in increasing immunity, due to which it is a good nutritious food for vegetarians. About 37 metric tons of mushrooms are produced worldwide. Nowadays, about 0.13 metric tonnes of mushroom is being grown in our country per year, which is very less due to increasing demand and population. India being an agricultural country, we generate huge amount of residues, which farmers are not able to manage. This big problem can be solved by mushroom cultivation. Due to the use of traditional agricultural residues to grow mushrooms, the problem of pollution is also solved to a great extent. Mushroom cultivation does not require land or soil, they can be grown directly on the residue of crops or by making compost. Commercially, four types of mushrooms are produced in our country. The most popular of these is the button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), followed by Dhingri (Pleurotus species), Milky (Calocybe species) and Paddy Straw (Volvariella species). Before starting their production commercially, it is more beneficial to take training from experts before starting commercial production. Although, by creating an artificial environment (control unit), one variety of mushroom can be grown throughout the year, but due to high budget and space requirement, most of the production is seasonal. Every year BETi Innovative Pvt. Ltd. conducts (https://biotechera.com) training programs on all seasonal varieties for production of all mushrooms from which mushroom growers and newcomers can take advantage. Here the details of their production method are being given in brief. Most of the production of White Button Mushroom in our country is seasonal. It is cultivated in the traditional way. Generally, manure is made by a long method, so the yield is very low. Apart from this, more yield is obtained from the compost made in an air-conditioned and controlled unit. However, the mushroom yield has increased in the last few years as a result of introduction of better agro-technical practices. Generally, the cultivation of white button mushroom requires technical skill and compost. Among other factors, this system requires moisture, two different temperatures for seedling growth (spawn run) 22-25°C, for reproductive stage (fruit formation): 14-16°C. , Moisture: 85-95 percent etc. Pleurotus is the scientific name for oyster mushroom. In many parts of India, it is known as Dhingri. There are many species of this mushroom, for example: – Pleurotus ostreatuss, P. sajor-caju, P. florida, P. sapidus, P. flabellatus, etc. It can be started with low budget in a room of 10 x 10 ft. at temperatures between 25 to 28 degrees Celsius. The scientific name of the species Milky Mushroom is Calocybe. It is also known as dudhiya mushroom. It can be cultivated at temperatures between 25 to 35 degree C. And this species can also be easily grown on the agriculture waste without making compost in a small room at low cost during the summer season. Its cultivation is very popular in South India. Paddy straw mushroom’ scientific name is volvariella and in common language it is known as parali mushroom because it is usually cultivated on straw or para. Due to this reason stubble or rice growing states like Orissa, W. Bengal Chhattisgarh, it is being cultivated on a large scale. Mushroom growing is a business that requires patience and intelligent care, and a skill that can be developed through expertise and experience. If the right species are selected according to the favorable season, then seasonal cultivation of mushrooms can be done easily throughout the year. For example, button mushroom from September to March, oyster mushroom (almost all year) from July to March and milky mushroom or paddy straw mushroom from April to August. Dr. Pooja Dubey Pandey (M.Sc. & Ph.D. Biotechnology) Founder & Director BETi Innovative Pvt. Ltd. 8839575166 //8839819024

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